• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to an air conditioning circuit (1) in which a refrigerant circulates and comprising: - a main compressor (3), - a first heat exchanger (5) disposed downstream of the main compressor (3), - a second heat exchanger (9) arranged upstream of the main compressor (3), - an internal heat exchanger (13) between the refrigerant at the outlet of the first heat exchanger (5) and the refrigerant at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (9), and - an expansion turbine (7) disposed upstream of the second heat exchanger (9), said air conditioning circuit (1) further comprising a bypass branch (A) of the internal heat exchanger ( 13).
    公开号:FR3033290A1
    申请号:FR1551822
    申请日:2015-03-04
    公开日:2016-09-09
    发明作者:Rabih Murr；Mohamed Yahia；Bertrand Nicolas；Jean-Luc Thuez；Samy Hammi；Regine Haller
    申请人:Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to the field of air conditioning circuits and more particularly to air conditioning circuits of a motor vehicle.
    [0002] In a conventional air conditioning circuit, comprising a main compressor, a first heat exchanger such as a condenser or a gas cooler and second heat exchanger such as an evaporator, during the expansion of the refrigerant, for example by a regulator, a certain amount of energy is lost. It is thus known to replace the expander with a turbine connected to an additional compressor connected in series with the main compressor. This makes it possible to recover kinetic energy at the turbine and to use it to compress the refrigerant fluid at the level of the additional compressor. Serial connected means, like a series connection in the field of electrical connections, that the refrigerant output of the main compressor is connected to the coolant inlet of the additional compressor when it is placed downstream of said main compressor or that the coolant inlet of the main compressor is connected to the coolant outlet of the additional compressor when it is placed upstream of said main compressor.
    [0003] However, for this type of air conditioning circuit architecture comprising a turbine, the addition of an internal heat exchanger decreases the coefficient of performance of the air conditioning circuit. However, under extreme particular conditions, especially at high load idling (for example at a temperature of about 55 ° C at the condenser with an air velocity passing through it of 1.5 m / s), the The air conditioning circuit is not capable of achieving sufficient performance to cool the air at the evaporator without the presence of an internal heat exchanger. One of the aims of the present invention is therefore to at least partially remedy the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved air conditioning circuit architecture.
    [0004] The present invention therefore relates to an air conditioning circuit in which circulates a refrigerant fluid and comprising: a main compressor, a first heat exchanger disposed downstream of the main compressor, a second heat exchanger disposed upstream of the main compressor. an internal heat exchanger able to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant at the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the refrigerant at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, said air conditioning circuit comprising a bypass branch of the internal heat exchanger. The bypass branch also allows the refrigerant to be redirected so that it passes within the internal heat exchanger or when it bypasses the latter and thus prevents heat exchange between the cooling fluid in the heat exchanger. output of the first heat exchanger and the refrigerant at the outlet of the second heat exchanger. The internal heat exchanger will then be functional only when its action will be effective, that is to say under extreme conditions, especially at high load idling (for example at a temperature of about 55.degree. level of the first heat exchanger at a speed of air passing through it of 1.5 m / s) where it will allow the system to increase the cold power supplied at the second heat exchanger. According to one aspect of the invention, the air conditioning circuit comprises an expansion turbine arranged upstream of the second heat exchanger. According to another aspect of the invention, the bypass branch of the internal heat exchanger is made between a first connection point placed upstream of said internal heat exchanger and a second connection point downstream of said internal heat exchanger. According to another aspect of the invention, the bypass branch of the internal heat exchanger is disposed on the high pressure side of said air conditioning circuit.
    [0005] According to another aspect of the invention, the bypass branch of the internal heat exchanger is disposed on the low pressure side of said air conditioning circuit.
    [0006] By high pressure side, it is meant that the portion of the air conditioning circuit between the main compressor and the expansion turbine where the refrigerant is at a high pressure.
    [0007] According to another aspect of the invention, the air conditioning circuit comprises means for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the internal heat exchanger or to the bypass branch. In another aspect of the invention, the coolant redirection means is a three-way valve disposed upstream of the internal heat exchanger at the first connection point. According to another aspect of the invention, the means for redirecting the refrigerant fluid comprises a first stop valve disposed between the first connection point and the internal heat exchanger and a second stop valve disposed on the circumvention. According to another aspect of the invention, the redirection means comprises shape memory materials or bulbs for measuring the temperature of the coolant at the outlet 20 of the first heat exchanger. According to another aspect of the invention, the internal heat exchanger has a heat transfer performance of between 20 and 40%.
    [0008] According to another aspect of the invention, the expansion turbine is coupled to an additional compressor arranged upstream of the first exchanger. The coupling between the expansion turbine and the additional compressor may be of a mechanical nature, for example by means of a transmission shaft or it may be of another nature for example hydraulic or magnetic.
    [0009] According to another aspect of the invention, the air conditioning circuit further comprises a dehumidifying accumulator placed upstream of the main compressor and downstream of the second heat exchanger.
    [0010] According to another aspect of the invention, the dehumidifying accumulator is integrated with the internal heat exchanger.
    [0011] According to another aspect of the invention, when the dehumidifying accumulator is integrated with the internal heat exchanger, the bypass branch is disposed on the high pressure side of said air conditioning circuit. According to another aspect of the invention, the refrigerant fluid is carbon dioxide.
    [0012] The present invention also relates to a motor vehicle having an air conditioning circuit as described above. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description, given by way of illustrative and nonlimiting example, and the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a According to a first embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an air conditioning circuit 20 according to a second embodiment, FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an air conditioning circuit according to a third embodiment. In the different figures, the identical elements bear the same reference numbers.
    [0013] In the present description, the term "upstream" means that one element is placed before another relative to the direction of circulation of the cooling fluid. Conversely, "downstream" means that one element is placed after another relative to the direction of circulation of the refrigerant.
    [0014] As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the air conditioning circuit 1, in which a cooling fluid circulates, comprises in particular: a main compressor 3, a first heat exchanger 5 disposed downstream of the main compressor 3, a second heat exchanger 9 arranged upstream of the main compressor 3, 5 an internal heat exchanger 13 adapted to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 5 and the refrigerant at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 9. and an expansion turbine 7 arranged upstream of the second heat exchanger 9.
    [0015] The first heat exchanger 5, for example a condenser or a gas cooler, is intended to cool the refrigerant after passing through the main compressor 3, in particular by dissipating the heat energy of the cooling fluid into the outside air. The second heat exchanger 9, for example an evaporator, is intended to heat the cooling fluid, in particular by taking heat energy from a flow of air. This air flow can for example be a flow of air intended to come within a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle. The expansion turbine 7 makes it possible to recover mechanical energy during the expansion of the refrigerant fluid and to retransmit it to another member, for example an alternator to produce electricity. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the expansion turbine 7 can be coupled to an additional compressor 73 arranged upstream of the first heat exchanger 5. This coupling can in particular be mechanical and carried out by a transmission shaft 75 connecting the expansion turbine 7 and the additional compressor 73. However, it is also conceivable to have a coupling of a different nature between the expansion turbine 7 and the additional compressor 73, for example a hydraulic or magnetic coupling. The additional compressor 73 is connected in parallel with the main compressor 3 in said air conditioning circuit 1. Said additional compressor 73 then compresses the refrigerant fluid in cooperation with the main compressor 3. Due to the recovery of this energy at the level of the expansion turbine 7, the enthalpy of the refrigerant at the inlet of the second heat exchanger 9 is lower than in a use of a conventional expansion valve and thus increases the efficiency of the evaporator equivalent size. The main compressor 3, the first heat exchanger 5, the expansion turbine 7, 5 as well as the second heat exchanger 9 are connected in series within the air conditioning circuit 1. By "connected in series", as in terminology in the electrical field, it is understood that these elements are placed one after the other in the air conditioning circuit 1. The additional compressor 73 is connected in parallel with the main compressor 3. By "connected in parallel As is the terminology in the electrical field, it is meant that the coolant inlets of the main compressor 3 and the additional compressor 73 are both connected to the same refrigerant supply, ie say the second heat exchanger 9. The coolant outputs of the main compressor 3 and the additional compressor 73 are both connected to the input refrigerant e of the first heat exchanger 5.
    [0016] As shown in FIG. 3, the coolant outputs of the main compressor 3 and the additional compressor 73 can both be connected to a first connection node 101 located upstream of the first heat exchanger 5. The refrigerant fluid inlets of the main compressor 3 and additional compressor 73 can both be connected to a second connection node 102 located downstream of the second heat exchanger 9. This connection of the additional compressor 73 in parallel with the main compressor 3 limits the displacement and the power of one of the compressors compared to a serial connection of the two compressors. Indeed, for a series connection of the two compressors, the compressor downstream, generally the additional compressor 73, must be of sufficient capacity to bring the refrigerant up to the flow required for the proper functioning of the system formed by said compressor. compressors 3 and 73, and the trigger must be adjusted by a speed control or by additional relaxation. The parallel connection of the additional compressor 73 with the main compressor 3 makes it possible to have compressors of smaller displacement to reach the desired flow rate, the flow rates at the output of the two compressors being added. The air conditioning circuit 1 is particularly suitable for air cooling in the automotive field within a motor vehicle, but it is however possible to use an air conditioning circuit 1 in other areas than the automotive field, for example in the field of thermal management and cooling of buildings, cold rooms or other.
    [0017] The air conditioning circuit 1 further comprises a bypass branch A of the internal heat exchanger 13 between a first connection point 103, upstream of said internal heat exchanger 13 and a second connection point 104, located downstream. of said internal heat exchanger 13. The bypass branch A and redirects the refrigerant fluid so that it passes within the internal heat exchanger 13 or 10 while it bypasses the latter and thus prevent an exchange heat occurs between the refrigerant at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 5 and the refrigerant at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 9. The internal heat exchanger 13 will then be functional only when its action will be effective, it is up to say in extreme conditions, especially at high load idling (for example at a temperature of about 55 ° C at the first heat exchanger 5 to a fast ss of air passing through it by 1.5 m / s), where its action will allow the system to increase the cold power supplied at the second heat exchanger. The cooling fluid is preferably carbon dioxide (CO2 or R744), in fact the control of the pressure at the outlet of the expansion turbine 7 is limited and the use of R744 as a cooling fluid makes it possible to remedy this disadvantage. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the bypass branch A of the internal heat exchanger is disposed on the low-pressure side of said air-conditioning circuit 1. By low pressure side, it is understood that this is the portion of the air conditioning circuit 1 located between the expansion turbine 7 and the main compressor 3 where the coolant is at a low pressure. More particularly, the bypass branch A makes it possible to bypass the internal heat exchanger 13 between a first connection point 103 placed between the second heat exchanger 9 and said internal heat exchanger 13, and a second connection point 104. placed between said internal heat exchanger 13 and the main compressor 3.
    [0018] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the bypass branch A of the internal heat exchanger is disposed on the high pressure side of said air conditioning circuit 1. By high pressure side, it is understood that this is the portion of the air conditioning circuit 1 located between the main compressor 3 and the expansion turbine 7 where the refrigerant is at a high pressure (for example between 120 and 130 bar for R744). More particularly, the bypass branch A makes it possible to bypass the internal heat exchanger 13 between a first connection point 103 placed between the first heat exchanger 5 and the said internal heat exchanger 13, and a second connection point 104. placed between said internal heat exchanger 13 and the expansion turbine 7.
    [0019] In order to control the flow of the coolant, the air conditioning circuit 1 may comprise means for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the internal heat exchanger 13 or to the bypass branch A. The means 15 for redirecting the refrigerant can be a three-way valve 15 disposed upstream of the internal heat exchanger 13 at the first connection point 103 as illustrated by Figures 1 and 2. As shown in Figure 3, the redirection means 15 of the The refrigerant fluid has a first stop valve disposed between the first connection point 103 and the internal heat exchanger 13 and a second stop valve disposed on the bypass bushing A. The redirection means 15 may be controlled by example by a control unit (not shown) which determines, depending on the measurement of different parameters such as the pressures of the refrigerant, the temperature dud it fluid at the outlet of the various heat exchangers, especially at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, if the use of the internal heat exchanger 13 is required to reach the instructions of the user. For example, under extreme conditions where a temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 5 is measured at a value between 55 and 65 ° C., the use of the internal heat exchanger 13 to allow cooling sufficient air at the second heat exchanger 9 will be required. The redirecting means 15 will redirect the coolant into the internal heat exchanger 13. For lower temperatures at the outlet of the first heat exchanger, the use of the internal heat exchanger 13 has a negative impact on the heat exchanger. coefficient of performance of the 3033290 9 air conditioning circuit 1 and therefore the redirecting means 15 will redirect the refrigerant to the branch bypass. Under such conditions, the internal heat exchanger can have a heat transfer performance of between 20 and 40% in order to be effective, thereby reducing its size and thus limiting its bulk. The redirection means 15 can also be "passive", that is to say it measures itself the temperature at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, for example by means of shape memory materials or bulbs which, at coolant temperatures between 55 and 65 ° C, cause the redirecting means 15 to redirect the coolant into the internal heat exchanger 13. The air conditioning circuit 1 may also include a dehumidifying accumulator 11 placed upstream of the internal heat exchanger 13 and downstream of the second heat exchanger 9. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the dehumidifying accumulator 11 can be integrated with the internal heat exchanger 13, which limits the congestion of these two components. When the dehumidifying accumulator 11 is integrated in the internal heat exchanger 13, the bypass branch A is preferably disposed on the high pressure side of said air conditioning circuit 1. Thus, it can clearly be seen that because of the presence of the bypass branch A, it is now possible to use an internal heat exchanger 13 under certain conditions, in particular extreme conditions, in order to reach the user instructions and to bypass said internal heat exchanger 13 in so-called normal conditions to avoid that the latter does not affect the coefficient of performance of the air conditioning system.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Cooling circuit (1) in which a refrigerant circulates and comprising: a main compressor (3), a first heat exchanger disposed downstream of the main compressor (3), a second heat exchanger (9) arranged upstream of the compressor main (3), an internal heat exchanger (13) adapted to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant at the outlet of the first heat exchanger (5) and the refrigerant at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (9), and characterized in that said air conditioning circuit (1) comprises a bypass branch (A) of the internal heat exchanger (13).
    [0002]
    2. An air conditioning circuit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an expansion turbine (7) disposed upstream of the second heat exchanger (9).
    [0003]
    3. The air conditioning circuit (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bypass branch (A) of the internal heat exchanger (13) is formed between a first connection point (103) placed upstream said internal heat exchanger (13) and a second connection point (104) located downstream of said internal heat exchanger (13).
    [0004]
    Cooling circuit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bypass branch (A) of the internal heat exchanger (13) is arranged on the high pressure side of said air conditioning circuit (1). ).
    [0005]
    5. The air conditioning circuit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bypass branch (A) of the internal heat exchanger is disposed on the low pressure side of said air conditioning circuit (1). . 3033290 11
    [0006]
    6. An air conditioning circuit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a means for redirecting (15) the refrigerant to the internal heat exchanger (13) or to the branch bypass ( AT). 5
    [0007]
    Air conditioning circuit (1) according to claim 6 in combination with claim 3, characterized in that the means for redirecting (15) the refrigerant fluid is a three-way valve arranged upstream of the internal heat exchanger ( 13) at the first connection point (103). 10
    [0008]
    8. The air conditioning circuit (1) according to claim 6 in combination with claim 3, characterized in that the means for redirecting (15) the refrigerant fluid comprises a first stop valve disposed between the first connection point (103). and the internal heat exchanger (13) and a second stop valve disposed on the bypass bushing (A). 15
    [0009]
    9. The air conditioning circuit (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the redirecting means (15) comprises shape memory materials or bulbs for measuring the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the first heat exchanger (5). 20
    [0010]
    Cooling circuit (1) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the expansion turbine (7) is coupled to an additional compressor (73) arranged upstream of the first heat exchanger (5), said additional compressor (73) being connected in parallel with the main compressor (3) within said air conditioning circuit (1).
    [0011]
    11 air conditioning circuit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a dehumidifying accumulator (11) placed upstream of the internal heat exchanger (13) and downstream of the second exchanger heat (9).
    [0012]
    12. The air conditioning circuit (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the dehumidifying accumulator (11) is integrated with the internal heat exchanger (13). 3033290 12
    [0013]
    13. An air conditioning circuit (1) according to the preceding claim in combination with claim 3, characterized in that when the dehumidifying accumulator (11) is integrated in the internal heat exchanger (13), the bypass branch (A ) is disposed on the high pressure side of said air conditioning circuit (1).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102016103250A1|2016-09-08|
    FR3033290B1|2018-09-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB2242261A|1990-03-24|1991-09-25|Aisin Seiki|Exhaust gas driven air cycle air conditioning system|
    WO2003047895A1|2001-11-28|2003-06-12|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Air-conditioning unit with additional heat transfer unit in the refrigerant circuit|
    US6644062B1|2002-10-15|2003-11-11|Energent Corporation|Transcritical turbine and method of operation|
    JP2005345083A|2004-06-04|2005-12-15|Shigeto Matsuo|Liquid-side energy recovering system of refrigeration air conditioner|
    DE102011000796A1|2011-02-17|2012-08-23|Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft|Air conditioning system for internal combustion engine of hybrid vehicle, has compressors arranged parallel to each other, where compressor of engine and compressor of electromotor are driven, and common capacitor attached to compressors|EP3711984A4|2018-09-25|2021-12-29|Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co., Ltd.|Air conditioning system and control method therefor|
    CN112303944A|2019-07-31|2021-02-02|特灵国际有限公司|System and method for controlling superheat from a subcooler|
    EP3789695A1|2019-09-03|2021-03-10|Trane International Inc.|A hvac system|
    法律状态:
    2016-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-09-09| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160909 |
    2017-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-03-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-03-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-03-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-03-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1551822|2015-03-04|
    FR1551822A|FR3033290B1|2015-03-04|2015-03-04|AIR CONDITIONING CIRCUIT FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE|FR1551822A| FR3033290B1|2015-03-04|2015-03-04|AIR CONDITIONING CIRCUIT FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE|
    DE102016103250.6A| DE102016103250A1|2015-03-04|2016-02-24|Motor vehicle air-conditioning circuit|
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